By Dr Gideon Polya
The Zionist Israeli-permitted Palestinian Breakout from the Gaza Concentration Camp led to the deaths of 1,200 Israelis, mostly past or present Israeli soldiers. After 2 years of US-backed Zionist killing, Gazan deaths from violence, 174,000, and from imposed deprivation, 698,000, total 872,000. I have carefully tabulated this Gaza Holocaust in terms of 50 numbers that can be used in the war crimes trials of all the Zionist Israeli, US and US Alliance perpetrators.
Gaza suffering from 7 October 2023 to about 7 October 2025 by 50 numbers:
(1). 42,000 with life-changing injuries [1].
UN OCHA: “Over the past two years, nearly 42,000 Palestinians have suffered life-changing injuries in Gaza, one in four are children and including more than 5,000 amputations, according to the World Health Organization” [1].
(2). 10,000 children with life-changing injuries [1].
UN OCHA: “Nearly 42,000 Palestinians have suffered life-changing injuries in Gaza, one in four are children” [1].
(3). >5,000 amputations [1].
UN OCHA: “More than 5,000 amputations” [1].
(4). >565 aid workers killed [1].
UN OCHA: “Four aid workers have been killed in the Gaza Strip on average every week so far in 2025 and at least 565 aid workers have been killed since 7 October 2023” [1].
(5). 4 aid workers killed per week (in 2025)[1].
UN OCHA: “Four aid workers have been killed in the Gaza Strip on average every week so far in 2025”[1].
(6). 2,400 medically evacuated out of Gaza (in 2025) [1].
UN OCHA: “About 2,400 patients have been medically evacuated from the Gaza Strip so far in 2025. This is an average of less than 10 patients evacuated per day” [1].
(7). <10 patients evacuated out of Gaza per day (in 2025) [1].
UN OCHA: “Less than 10 patients evacuated per day” [1].
(8). >1.4 million people in inadequate shelter [1, 2].
UN OCHA: “Most people in Gaza reside in inadequate shelters that fail to meet basic emergency standards, leaving them exposed to the winter conditions, the Shelter Cluster reports” [1]. Shelter Cluster: “Since mid-August, intensified bombardment on Gaza City has displaced thousands as military operations expand. Residents are pressured to move to the south and central areas of the Strip. The shelter situation is catastrophic and there are already 1.4 million people in need of basic emergency shelter based on Shelter Cluster estimations, and likely to increase with ongoing displacement… Site density has fallen below 30 m² per person, stripping families of dignity and safety” [2].
(9). >95% of housing destroyed or damaged [2].
Shelter Cluster: “More than 95 per cent of housing has been destroyed or damaged” [2].
(10). 3,500 trucks of tents, tarpaulins and basic household items needed [2].
Shelter Cluster: “Hundreds of thousands of families are displaced in Gaza, living in overcrowded and unsafe conditions. For the past five months, no shelter materials have entered the Gaza Strip. Meeting existing emergency relief needs alone requires an estimated 3,500 trucks of tents, tarpaulins and basic household items. International humanitarian law recognises shelter as essential to survival and obliges Israel, as an occupying power, to facilitate its provision” [2].
(11). 61 million tons of rubble [3-7].
USA Today: “According to a U.N. damage assessment released last month, any reconstruction would need to begin with clearing the more than 55 million tons of rubble that resulted from sustained Israeli bombardment, much of the rubble containing asbestos and human remains. Clearing rubble, which involves heavy equipment like bulldozers and cranes, could take 21 years and cost $1.2 billion” [3].The Palestinian Information Service: “Gaza’s Government Media Office… also warned that the ban on heavy machinery has left over 55 million tons of rubble uncleared, trapping more than 10,000 missing individuals beneath the debris and obstructing roads, creating a severe health and environmental crisis” [4]. UN: “The resulting debris amounts to nearly 50 million tonnes – an overwhelming quantity of rubble that would take decades to remove under current conditions” [5]. The Guardian: “Israel’s campaign of intense aerial bombing and deliberate tactic of razing territory its troops have seized has led to 78% of Gaza’s estimated 250,000 buildings being damaged or destroyed, generating 61m tonnes of debris, of which about 15% may be contaminated with asbestos, industrial waste or heavy metals” [6]. Zeteo: “55 million tonnes of rubble” [7].
(12). 518 schools damaged or destroyed [6- 8].
The Guardian: “518 schools damaged or destroyed (90% of schools)”. [6]. Zeteo: “518 million schools damaged or destroyed” [7]. UNICEF: “95 per cent of schools damaged or destroyed” [8].
(13). 90-95% of schools damaged or destroyed [6-8].
The Guardian: “518 schools damaged or destroyed (90% of schools)” [6]. Zeteo: “518 million schools damaged or destroyed” [7]. UNICEF: “95 per cent of schools damaged or destroyed” [8].
(14). 658.000 children without school for 2 years [6].
The Guardian: “Children and university-age students out of formal education…Since October 2023, 745,000 students in Gaza have been out of school for more than two academic years, including 88,000 higher education students who have been forced to put their studies on hold” [6]. UNICEF: “With 95 per cent of schools damaged or destroyed, 658,000 children have been out of school for nearly two years, marking one of the most severe education crises” [8].
(15). 745,000 young out of formal education for 2 years [8].
The Guardian: “Children and university-age students out of formal education…Since October 2023, 745,000 students in Gaza have been out of school for more than two academic years, including 88,000 higher education students who have been forced to put their studies on hold” [8].
(16). 90% of educational infrastructure destroyed [8].
The Guardian : “Gaza’s educational infrastructure has been more or less destroyed: more than 90% of school buildings, 79% of higher education campuses and 60% of vocational training centres have been damaged or destroyed”[8].
(17). 1.9 million displaced (many repeatedly) [7, 9].
UNRWA: “According to the UN, at least 1.9 million people – or about 90 per cent of the population – across the Gaza Strip have been displaced during the war. Many have been displaced repeatedly, some 10 times or more”[9].
(18). 99% of households food insecure [7, 10].
World Food Program: “According to the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) snapshot released today, 470,000 people in Gaza are facing catastrophic hunger (IPC Phase 5), and the entire population is experiencing acute food insecurity. The report also projects an alarming 71,000 children and more than 17,000 mothers will need urgent treatment for acute malnutrition. At the beginning of 2025, agencies estimated 60,000 children would need treatment” [10]. Zeteo: “99% of households food insecure” [7].
(19). <6 litres water /day (1 million), <9 litres water/day (0.5 million) [6].
The Guardian: “Currently, 1 million people cannot access six litres of drinking water a day, while 500,000 people exist on less than nine litres, just over a tenth of what was available before the war” [6]. Target 150: “Target 150 is a voluntary program that encourages every Melburnian to save water and keep us below 150 litres of water per person, per day [total use]” [11]. Mayo Clinic: “The U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine determined that an adequate daily fluid intake is: About 15.5 cups (3.7 liters) of fluids a day for men. About 11.5 cups (2.7 liters) of fluids a day for women” [12]. UN Action UK: “ In order to survive, humans need 20 to 50 litres of clean water free from harmful contaminants every day to ensure their basic needs for drinking, cooking and cleaning. Each person in the UK uses 150 litres of water a day, with the average family using 500 litres a day. This takes into account cooking, cleaning, washing and flushing” [13]. UNRWA: “According to a recent assessment by water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) partners, 1 million people are accessing less than the emergency minimum of six litres of drinking water per day” [14].
(20). 1,581 health workers killed in Gaza [15].
Francesca Albanese (Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories): “1,581, this is the number of health workers killed in Gaza” [15].
(21). 790 attacks on doctors and health care facilities [7, 16].
Zeteo: “790 attacks on doctors and health care facilities” [7]. UNWRA: “Over 790 attacks on health workers, patients, and hospitals” [16]. WHO: WHO has recorded 28 attacks on health care in Gaza during this [1week] period and 697 attacks since October 2023” [17].
(22). 346 UN staff killed [15].
Francesca Albanese: “346 is the number of UN staff killed in Gaza” [15].
(23). 270 journalists killed ([7, 18]; see also [15, 19-33]).
X: “Al Jazeera and other sources report up to 270 journalists and media workers killed” [18]. Francesca Albanese: “252 is the number of the journalists, your colleagues, killed in Gaza” [15].
(24). 10,000 Palestinian hostages detained [15].
Francesca Albanese: “10,000 Palestinians have been detained, mostly arbitrarily, by an unlawful occupation, which has been starving, torturing, and even raping inmates, including doctors and patients” [15].
(25). 75 detainee deaths in Zionist Israeli custody [15]..
Francesca Albanese: “Seventy-five is the numbers of detainees who have been reported killed in Israeli custody just in the last 710 days” [15].
(26). 6 US vetoes of United Nations Security Council Resolutions during the Gaza Genocide [34].
Reuters: “The United States vetoed on Thursday a draft United Nations Security Council resolution that would have demanded an immediate, unconditional and permanent ceasefire in Gaza and that Israel lift all restrictions on aid deliveries to the Palestinian enclave. The text, drafted by the elected 10 members of the 15-member council, would also have demanded the immediate, dignified and unconditional release of all hostages held by Hamas and other groups… It received 14 votes in favor. It was the sixth time the U.S. had cast a veto in the Security Council over the nearly two-year war between Israel and Palestinian militants Hamas” [34] UN: 6 US vetoes over “The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question”: 18 September 2025, 04 June 2025 (under Terrorist Trump) , 20 November 2024, 20 February 2024, 8 December 2023, 18 October 2023 (under Butcher Biden) [35]. Al Jazeera: “A history of the US blocking UN resolutions against Israel. Over the past five decades, the United States has vetoed at least 53 UN Security Council resolutions critical of Israel” [36].
(27). 92 US vetoes of UNSC Resolutions, 50 for Apartheid Israel and 42 for Apartheid in Africa and against victims of US aggression) [34-36].
Al Jazeera: “A history of the US blocking UN resolutions against Israel. Over the past five decades, the United States has vetoed at least 53 UN Security Council resolutions critical of Israel” [36]. UN Security Council veto list 1946-2025: 50 vetoes in support of Apartheid Israel and 42 vetoes for Apartheid in Southern Africa and against victims of US aggression [35].
(28). $34 billion in US arms sales to Apartheid Israel since 7 October 2023 [7, 37].
William Hartung: “According to a companion report by Linda J. Bilmes, the U.S. has spent an additional $9.65 – $12.07 billion on military operations in Yemen and the wider region sparked by or in support of Israeli military operations since October 7, 2023, for a total of $31.35 – $33.77 billion and counting in U.S. spending on two years of war” [37]. Zeteo: “$40 billion in U.S. arms sales to Israel since October 7” [7].
[29]. 872,000 Gaza “deaths from violence, 174,000, and deprivation, 698,000, by 7 October 2025 versus Mainstream reported “67, 173” [38].
Reuters: “The latest detailed breakdown released by the Palestinian Ministry of Health on October 7[2025] showed 67,173 killed, including 20,179 children, accounting for 30% of the total… The numbers do not necessarily reflect all victims, as the + estimates several thousand bodies are under rubble and it does not count the 460 malnutrition-related deaths it has recorded amid a famine in North Gaza. Official Palestinian tallies of direct deaths likely undercounted the number of casualties by around 40% in the first nine months of the war as Gaza’s healthcare infrastructure disintegrated, according to a peer-reviewed study published in The Lancet journal in January. The U.N. human rights office also says the Palestinian authorities’ figure is probably an undercount” [38]. This is a 13-fold under-count that ignores (a) upwardly revised estimates of violent deaths to 174,625 after 2 years ([39] see also [40-42]) and (b) “Indirect deaths (non-violent deaths from deprivation) that are “conservatively” estimated as 4 times greater than Direct deaths (violent deaths) [43, 44].
An international team of expert epidemiologists published in The Lancet found that 64,260 Gazans had been killed violently by 30 June 2024 (Day 269 of the Gaza Genocide) [39]. Assuming the same rate of killing, this translates to 174,625 Direct (violent) deaths by 7 October 2025 (Day 731 i.e. after 2 years) [39-41]. However other expert epidemiologists published in The Lancet and elsewhere have “conservatively” estimated that deaths from deprivation (Indirect deaths) are 4 times the Direct deaths [43, 44], this implying 174,625 x 4 = 698,500 Indirect deaths and a total of 873,125 “deaths from violence and deprivation” (Google this phrase) by 7 October 2025 [40-42]. Euro-Med Monitor: “ The Israeli army killed 42,510 Palestinians over the course of the 200-day attack, 38,621 of whom were civilians, including 10,091 women and 15,780 children” [44]. Euro-Med Human Rights Monitor has thus estimated that of deaths reported by the Gaza Ministry of Health the breakdown was 37.1% (children), 23.7% (women) and 39.1% (men) [45] (see also [46]) . Conservatively assuming that these proportions apply to the total of 873,000 Gaza deaths (and in particular ignoring the extreme vulnerability of infants [47]) indicates deaths of 324,000 children, 207,000 women and 341,000 men after 2 years of the Gaza Genocide [39-41] (for related articles see [48-81]).
(30). 324,000 children killed after 2 years, ignoring the extreme vulnerability of under-5 year old children (see #29).
(31). 207,000 women killed after 2 years (see #29).
(32). 341,000 men killed after 2 years (see #29).
(33). 100,000 tonnes of bombs dropped on Gaza [82].
Anadolu Agency: “Israel has dropped 100,000 tons of explosives on the Gaza Strip since launching its genocide 19 months ago” [82].
(34). 828 mosques completely destroyed and 167 partially destroyed [82].
Anadolu Agency: “The destruction extended to religious and humanitarian infrastructure, with Israeli forces demolishing 828 mosques completely and 167 partially, targeting three churches, and destroying 19 of 60 cemeteries either fully or partially” [82].
(35). 500,000 people trapped in man-made famine [83].
WHO: “More than half a million people in Gaza are trapped in famine, marked by widespread starvation, destitution and preventable deaths, according to a new Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis released today. Famine conditions are projected to spread from Gaza Governorate to Deir Al Balah and Khan Younis Governorates in the coming weeks… By the end of September, more than 640 000 people will face Catastrophic levels of food insecurity – classified as IPC Phase 5 – across the Gaza Strip. An additional 1.14 million people in the territory will be in Emergency (IPC Phase 4) and a further 396 000 people in Crisis (IPC Phase 3) conditions. Conditions in North Gaza are estimated to be as severe – or worse – than in Gaza City. However, limited data prevented an IPC classification, highlighting the urgent need for access to assess and assist. Rafah was not analyzed given indications that it is largely depopulated” [83].
[36]. 97.5% of Israelis killed on 7 October were adults and hence mostly former or present Occupier soldiers [84].
Gideon Polya: “Analysis of the Israel dead from detailed photographic and statistical data provided by the Israeli newspaper Haaretz yields the following breakdown of Israelis killed: Of the 1,200 Israelis killed 84.2% (1,010) were 18-39 years old (i.e. were current Israeli military, conscripts or reservists), 13.3% (160) were 40 and older (with most being former or existing military), and 2.5% (30) were aged under 18 (children) i.e. about 97% of those killed were legitimate military targets as past or serving Occupying forces”[84].
[37]. 50% or more of Israelis killed on 7 October were killed by the IDF [84, 85].
Gideon Polya: “The firepower of the IDF (shells and missiles) vastly exceeded the firepower of the lightly-armed Palestinians. If deaths in the fire zone are proportional to firepower then most of the Israeli deaths on or about 7 October were due to the IDF” [84]. Tlozek et al.: “Israeli forces accused of killing their own citizens under the ‘Hannibal Directive’ during October 7 chaos” [85].
[38]. 40.6 year average life expectancy versus 75.5 years pre-Gaza Massacre [86].
The Lancet: “In the central variant, life expectancy in the Gaza Strip decreased by 34·9 years during the first 12 months of the war, about half (–46·3%) the prewar level of 75·5 years. Life expectancy losses were larger for males (–38·0 years [–51·6%]) than for females, but nonetheless, females also suffered large losses (–29·9 years [–38·6%])” [86].
(39). About 100% of under-5 infants killed? [47, 87].
Children represented 47.3% of the pre-war Gaza population of 2.4 million i.e. 1,135,000 people [87]. Under-5 children represented 15.25% of the population i.e. 366,000 out of the pre-war 2.4 million Gaza population [87]. Under-5 year old children are highly vulnerable (just remember holding a baby in your arms) and for impoverished countries under-5 year old infants account for 70% of avoidable deaths from deprivation [47] . However 70% of the 698,0000 Gaza deaths from deprivation is 488,600 which is similar to the estimated total population of 366,000 under-5 infants. Given all the assumptions made in the calculations, this close approximation is surprising. Is it possible that the Zionist Israelis have killed nearly all of the highly vulnerable under-5 year old infants? Only after the genocidal Zionazi Occupation is ended and forensic teams enter Gaza will we discover the exact extent of this unforgivable genocide and holocaust atrocity.
(40). Zero (0) of 6 key Zionazi impositions have been removed, notwithstanding the present hope for a permanent end to the killing of Gazans [88].
In 2024 I published a huge book entitled “Free Palestine. End Apartheid Israel, Human Rights Denial, Gaza Massacre, Child Killing, Occupation and Palestinian Genocide” [88]. The subtitle lists 6 key things that must happen for Palestine to be free. Notwithstanding the much-vaunted Trump Peace Deal, zero (0) of these impositions have been removed. Zero (0) has special significance for Gaza as explained by William Dalrymple in “The Golden Road” that explores the huge Indian contribution to civilization from East, South and South East Asia to Europe. The Indians discovered zero (0) and communicated this to the brilliant mediaeval Arabic culture. According to William Dalrymple, Indian-Arabic mathematics was communicated to the Crusaders occupying Gaza and thence to Western Europe [89].
(41). Occupied Palestinians are excluded from 100% of the Human Rights set out in the 30 Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights [90, 91].
(42). 15 Major International Laws and Conventions violated by the Zionazi Occupier Apartheid Israel [90].
The 15 Major International Laws and Conventions violated by the Zionazi Occupier Apartheid Israel include (a). the UN Charter, (b). the UN Conventionon the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UN Genocide Convention) (c). the Rights of the Child Convention (United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ), (d). the UN Refugee Convention ( UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees), (e). the Geneva Conventions (f). the International Criminal Court, (g). the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People, (h). the “International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid”, (i). the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), (j). International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, (k). UNGA and UNSC Resolutions, (l) the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, (m). the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, (n). the 1926 Slavery Convention or the Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery, and (o). the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement [90].
(43). 4,000 years of Palestinian civilization all but physically erased in the Gaza Urbicide [92, 93].
The Palestinian civilization dates back 4,000 years [92] but its physical presence in the ancient and culturally super-important city of Gaza has been erased in a war criminal Gaza Urbicide [93] by the barbaric and genocidal Zionazi state of Apartheid Israel that is a mere 77 years old [90]. Palestine was part of the Fertile Crescent that brought the world the alphabet, writing, recording, mathematics, astronomy, plant breeding, animal breeding, and philosophy when the much-exalted British were running around near-naked and painted blue. Jump 3,000 years and the Al Aqsa compound including the Dome of the Rock is the third holiest shrine in Islam and was constructed on geometric principles that underlie 1,500 years of brilliant Islamic architecture. (A personal note: my much loved Great Uncle George Polya was a famous Jewish Hungarian mathematician who among many other things proved that there were only 17 basic plane symmetry groups (wall paper patterns), this work inspiring famed lithographer M.C. Escher [94-100]. However Islamic architects and artists had empirically discovered this 1,500 years before, beginning with the Dome of the Rock in Al Quds (Jerusalem) and thence the glories of Islamic architecture from Isfahan in Iran to the Alhambra in Spain [94-100]). In 2025 Palestinian scientist Omar Yaghi (UC Berkeley) shared the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard Robson ( University of Melbourne) and Susumu Kitagawa (Kyoto University) for discoveries about synthetic organo-metallic lattices [101].
(44). 5,000 more abusively imprisoned Palestinian hostages were added during the Gaza Genocide [102] (see #24).
Mainstream media have been saturated for 2 years over the 250 Israeli hostages held by Hamas in Gaza, but there has been scant concern over the 10,000 hostages abusively imprisoned by Apartheid Israel [102]. Al Jazeera: “For every Palestinian Israel freed in the ceasefire deal, it apprehended 15 more. The number of political prisoners in its jails has doubled since the war began”[102].
(45). 5.6 million Occupied Palestinians held hostage under Zionazi guns over 58 years [90].
Before the Gaza Massacre 5.6 million Occupied Palestinians were held hostage under Zionazi guns and without human rights in the illegal and war criminal Zionist Occupation [90].
(46). 58 years of illegal and war criminal Occupation [90, 103].
The illegal Zionist-imposed Occupation started in 1967 and has endured for 58 years due to 50 vetoes of UN Security Council resolutions by Zionist-perverted America [34-36, 103]. The Office of the UN Human Rights Commissioner on the ICJ’s Gaza effective Peace Plan of 19 July 2024: “Israel and other UN Member States must immediately comply with the authoritative determination by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Israel’s presence in the occupied Palestinian territory, independent human rights experts said today. The landmark ruling of 19 July 2024 declared that Israel’s occupation of the Gaza strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, is unlawful, along with the associated settlement regime, annexation and use of natural resources. The Court added that Israel’s legislation and measures violate the international prohibition on racial segregation and apartheid. The ICJ mandated Israel to end its occupation, dismantle its settlements, provide full reparations to Palestinian victims and facilitate the return of displaced people” [104] (see also [105]). .
(47). 18 countries attacked by Apartheid Israel , 7 in 2025 alone [106].
Gideon Polya: “Post-WW2 and apart from significant border spats, India and China have not invaded any other country, and Russia has invaded 4 countries. However with its recent unprovoked attack on Qatar, a nuclear terrorist, state terrorist, Nazi Germany-style, exceptionalist, genocidal and uncontrolled Apartheid Israel has now militarily attacked 18 countries, a record similar to that of Nazi Germany in WW2. The World must stop Israeli war crimes NOW with draconian Sanctions” [106].
(48). $7.2 trillion in reparations to be paid by Israel, the US and other countries complicit in the Gaza Genocide and Gaza Holocaust [104, 105, 107, 108].
The International Court of Justice has ordered Israel to end its occupation, dismantle its settlements, provide full reparations to Palestinian victims and facilitate the return of displaced people [104, 105]. It is estimated that reparations to be paid by Apartheid Israel, America and other complicit countries total $7.2 trillion [107, 108]. My own country, Australia, is second only to the US as a fervent supporter of Apartheid Israel, is complicit in the Gaza Genocide in 20 ways [109], and lies for Apartheid Israel in 35 ways [110, 111].
(49). 24 million people died avoidably from deprivation since 1950 in countries variously occupied by Apartheid Israel [47].
Countries threatened by invasion by genocidally racist rogue states such as US-backed Apartheid Israel and Zionist-perverted America have to divert huge resources to arms and away from peaceful social uses including life-preserving uses. 24 million people died avoidably from deprivation since 1950 in countries variously occupied by Apartheid Israel [47]. By way of comparison, Nazi Germany caused over 30 million “deaths from violence and deprivation” in WW2 [47].
(50). 3.1 million Palestinians killed by violence, 0.3 million, and deprivation, 2.8 million, in the century-long Palestinian Genocide [see #29].
Before the Gaza Genocide it was estimated that 2.2 million Palestinians had died from violence, 0.1 million, and deprivation , 2.1 million [112]. However the Gaza Holocaust has been associate with a further 0.2 million violent deaths and 0.7 million deaths from imposed deprivation. The century-long Palestinian Genocide and Palestinian Holocaust is presently associated with 3.1 million Palestinians killed by violence, 0.3 million, and deprivation, 2.8 million, in the century-long Palestinian Genocide. By way of comparison, the WW2 Jewish Holocaust that wiped my family from the face of Europe was associated with 5-6 million deaths from violence and deprivation [113-115].
JUSTICE!
References.
[1]. UN OCHA, “Humanitarian Situation Update #329 | Gaza Strip”, 9 October 2025: https://www.ochaopt.org/content/humanitarian-situation-update-329-gaza-strip .
[2]. Shelter Cluster, “Resumption of Shelter Supplies into Gaza during the Gaza City Operation – August 2025”, 20 August 2025: https://sheltercluster.org/palestine/documents/resumption-shelter-supplies-gaza-during-gaza-city-operation-august-2025 .
[3]. Stephen Beard and Shawn Sullivan, “Trump on Gaza: U.S. ownership, no Palestinian right of return. See updated damage maps”, USA Today, 10 February 2025: https://www.usatoday.com/story/graphics/2025/02/10/trump-gaza-strip-rebuild-palestine-return/78221706007/ .
[4]. The Palestinian Information Service, “Ramadan in Gaza: Israel wields the weapon of starvation again”, 9 March 2025: https://english.palinfo.com/reports/2025/03/09/335321/ .
[5]. UN, “Gaza: Destruction of vital lifting gear halts search for thousands buried under rubble”, 22 April 2025: https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/04/1162491 .
[6]. Jason Burke, “The ruin of Gaza: how Israel’s two-year assault has devastated the territory”, The Guardian, 7 October 2025: https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2025/oct/07/the-ruin-of-gaza-how-israel-two-year-assault-has-devastated-the-territory .
[7]. Zeteo, “These Horrific Numbers Show the Scale of Israel’s Genocide in Gaza Two Years On”, 9 October : https://zeteo.com/p/these-horrific-numbers-show-the-scale .
[8]. UNICEF, “Humanitarian situation report No. 40”, 1 January -30 June 2025: https://www.unicef.org/media/172691/file/State-of-Palestine-Humanitarian-SitRep-No-40,-30-June-2025.pdf.pdf .
[9]. UNWRA, “UNRWA Situation Report #184 on the Humanitarian Crisis in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including East Jerusalem”, 15 August 2025: https://www.un.org/unispal/document/unrwa-sitrep-184-15aug25/ .
[10]. World Food Program, “Risk of famine across all of Gaza, new report says”, 12 May 2025: https://www.wfp.org/news/risk-famine-across-all-gaza-new-report-says .
[11]. Target 150, “We’re only a bucket of water away”: https://southeastwater.com.au/water-waste-and-environment/saving-water/target-150/ .
[12]. Mayo Clinic, “Nutrition and healthy eating”: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/water/art-20044256#:~:text=About%2015.5%20cups%20(3.7%20liters,fluids%20a%20day%20for%20women .
[13]. UN Association UK, “World Water Day”: https://una.org.uk/world-water-day-factsheet .
[14]. UNWRA, “UNRWA Situation Report #191 on the Humanitarian Crisis in the Gaza Strip and the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem”, 7 October 2025: https://www.unrwa.org/resources/reports/unrwa-situation-report-191-situation-gaza-strip-and-west-bank-including-east-jerusalem .
[15]. Francesca Albanese, “Gaza- the shame of our time”, UN, The Question of Palestine”, 15 September 2025: https://www.un.org/unispal/document/press-briefing-francesca-albanese-16sep25/ .
[16]. UNWRA, Facebook, October 2025: https://www.facebook.com/unrwa/posts/gazas-war-2-years-too-long-over-790-attacks-on-health-workers-patients-and-hospi/1286476273512702/ .
[17]. WHO, “Health system at breaking point as hostilities further intensify in Gaza, WHO warns”, 25 May 2025: https://www.who.int/news/item/22-05-2025-health-system-at-breaking-point-as-hostilities-further-intensify–who-warns .
[18]. “How many reporters have Israelis killed since 2023?”, X: https://x.com/i/grok/share/KxwWJb8u6cFTf7S9xRGtf4qKN .
[19]. Free Palestine Melbourne, “Statement on the Assassination of Al Jazeera Journalists in Gaza”, 11 August 2025: https://www.freepalestinevic.org/press-releases/statement-on-the-assassination-of-al-jazeera-journalists-in-gaza/ .
[20]. Jeremy Webb: “Where is the outrage? Israel’s systematic mass assassination of journalists”, Pearls & Irritations, 16 August 2025: https://johnmenadue.com/post/2025/08/where-is-the-outrage-israels-systematic-mass-assassination-of-journalists/ .
[21]. John D. Marks, “Killing the Witness: Gaza’s Journalists and the Global Blueprint of Disappearance”, Countercurrents, 13 August 2025: https://countercurrents.org/2025/08/killing-the-witness-gazas-journalists-and-the-global-blueprint-of-disappearance/ .
[22]. Robert Inlakesh. “Dehumanize and destroy: How western media helped target Gaza’s journalists”, The Cradle, 14 August 2025: https://thecradle.co/articles/dehumanize-and-destroy-how-western-media-helped-target-gazas-journalists .
[23]. Anas Al-Sharif, “Last testament”, Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ans.al.alshryf.2025/posts/742925041926114 .
[24]. Chantelle Al-Khouri and Lauren Day, “Journalists in Gaza are writing their own obituaries, after Israel brands them ‘terrorists’”, ABC, 12 August 2025: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-08-12/palestinian-journalists-israeli-air-strikes-anas-al-sharif/105639346 .
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Dr Gideon Polya taught science students at La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia over 4 decades.
14 October 2025
Source: countercurrents.org
